AM

Aditya MathurAIR 98· 2025

Question Q.11GS1UNKNOWN

Throw light upon the importance of seals and seatings in the reconstruction of socio-economic and religious life of the Harappan people. Also, explain why many of the known Harappan settlements are in semi-arid regions.

Open scan (p.23)

Introduction

Indus-Valley Civilization was an advanced civilization that thrived in the region from 2600 BC - 1300 BC along Indus and its tributaries.

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Main Body

Importance of Seals & Seatings

I. Reconstruction of Socio-Economic life

O Used for Trade & Commerce: as shown by symbol & sigils engraved in Steatite seals. () Found in Lothal (Dock)

O Used for Teaching: shown in use of symbols like () Ψ or seal ()?

Religion & Priesthood.

O Used in Houses: as weights & seals for day-to-day affairs

II. Reconstruction of Religious life

O Religion: () IVC people visible in seals - () Pashupati seal.

O Shamanic Practices: practiced by people visible in some seals found in Suktagandis

O Cross-Border Exchanger: () religions of merchants & travellers as seen in seals () Ratehigarhti of Lothal.

O Religion Persuade: () IVC people living such seals found in many IVC cities in fair number.

Many known Harappan Settlement in Semi-Arid Region

I. Natural factors () Thar Desert: extending from Rajasthan to Gujarat had low rainfall

() Monsoon Variability: which had manmade source of water

II. Human factors () Embark Water Network: Built by Harappan to compensate for lack of water

() Rivers Settlement: Built by hives to ensure adequate water () Gaggar hier.

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Conclusion

Indus Valley Seals & Seatings are a remarkable height of Harappans, and their value is still seen in World Heritage Site Recognition to Lothal by UNESCO.

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Diagram

Diagram showing IVC cities/sites including Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Robtgarhi, Dholavira and Thar desert location

  • Good historical context with dates
  • Clear structure with categorization
  • Mentions specific artifacts and locations like Lothal

Topper

Aditya Mathur

AIR 982025

Subject & Paper

GS1UNKNOWN

Topic

Indian Culture

Indus Valley Civilization

Harappan seals, seatings and socio-economic reconstruction

Writing Stats

231

Total words

14

Paragraphs