भारा आप इस दृष्टिकोण से सहमत हैं कि भारतीय शहर चोर असमानता और सामाजिक बहिष्कृता के परिदृश्य बन रहे हैं? Do you agree with the view that Indian cities are turning into landscapes of stark inequality and social exclusion? What steps can be taken to make more urban areas more egalitarian in India?

VIEW: Yes, Indian cities are turning into landscapes of stark inequality & social exclusion for following reasons—

Stark Inequality manifestations:

1. Unequal Housing: ~55.6% urban population but 17% live in slums (UN-DESA)

2. Inequality in Income: Richest 1% earn 40% of wealth but bottom 50% own just 3% wealth (OXFAM Report)

3. Unequal Education: as 80% of

Migrant worker children lack access to education (UNESCO)

Poor Healthcare: due to poor public health system (60% PHC have lack, 50% have out-door)

Poor Food Security: due to inaccessible & unaffordable food. (ES) Excess reliance on wage rice [PAS]

Social Exclusion manifestations:

STEPS I: Legal Steps

II: Governance Steps