Question Q.20CommentGS1GS1

साम्प्रदायिकता आर्थिक अभाव और सामाजिक बहिष्कार के परिवेश में कहीं-कहीं है, जिससे असंतोष और विभाजन के लिए चरम भूमि तैयार होती है। टिप्पणी कीजिए। / Communalism gains strength from economic deprivation, and thrives in environments of social exclusion, creating fertile ground for discontent and division. Comment.

Introduction

Communalism refers to placing interests of one religion over another or over national interests. It often lead to clashes.

19 words

Main Body

Examples: Babri Masjid (1992), Godhra riots (2002), etc.

Factors for Communalism:

(A) Economic Deprivation:

1Muslims lagged in picking western education in 19th century → Hindus held high post → deprived muslims → Results like 'Mopilla revolt'.

2Leads to reservations, propunding religious identities → communalism.

Eg. Separate electorates for Muslims.

3Economic deprivation leads to Social divide — loss of trust among communities. Eg. Jalapur riot (1161).

(B) Social Exclusion:

1British policy of Divide & Rule led to social exclusion & distrust.

2Avoids inter-mingling. Eg. Lack of women not allowed to marry outside religion (Few Research).

Creates Discontent & Division:

1Religion used as political tool to further division. Eg. Call for genocide in Heidwuer in April 2022.

2Targeting of specific communities. Eg. Killing of Kashmiri Pandits in Kashmir.

3Inequitable development: Muslim institutional deliveries at ISJ. less than Hindu (Indian Inequality Report).

4Leads to riots, communal tensions: Eg. Udaipur killing (2022), Hijab row.

159 words11 paragraphs

Conclusion

What is Needed: (1) Active promotion of secularism as held by SC in SR. Bimmer case. (2) Ensuring equitable development across religion by prohibiting majoritarianism. As India races to be a developed country by 2047, it cannot be bogged down by issues like communalism.

44 words

Open original scan

Page 52

Topper

Aniket Danjanshwoor Hinde

AIR 812023

Subject & Paper

GS1GS1

Topic

Indian Society

Communalism and Social Issues

Economic Deprivation and Communalism

Writing Stats

222

Total words

Paragraphs