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Nepal's Sagauli Treaty, 1916; Unmindful partition without taking into account ground realities; Creation of Pakistan; Annexation era during colonial Raj where many princely states of North east were forcefully annexed. Geopolitical strategies include: China's ambitions of expansion, Fire finger policy, Pakistan's role in keeping India busy with Kashmir issue, Pincer strategy of Pakistan & China as 'all weather ally', Promotion of distrust among communities of J&K. Territorial disputes of India can be further solved by adopting strategic autonomy in diplomacy.