Question Q1GS1GS1
India faces grave water crisis due to several demand, pollution and depletion which necessitate urgent measures to ensure water security for all.
Introduction
India hosts about 17% of world's population but has only 4% of water resources leading to grave demand creating scarcity.
20 words
Main Body
Issue of water crisis
1Rising population - wherein increasing pressure on water resources to meet demand.
2Uneven distribution of water - areas like rural north-east weaken glass receive maximum rainfall and yet Rajasthan Haryana - very less rainfall.
3Increasing exploitation 867% of groundwater resources have been maximally utilized by use NITI Aayog water composite index, UTF districts severe water stress
4Pollution - industrial waste, sewage untreated dumped in rivers & water bodies polluting already scarce resource.
5only 80% sewage treatment plants almp over large hinterland.
5climate change; changes rainfall patterns, extreme weather events like droughts → pressure on water resources.
(RE) most of renewable flows unutilized.
Urgent measures to ensure water security:
1Rationalization of agriculture subsidy to 60% to reduce groundwater exploitation 4 water use changes - medium irrigation method - drip irrigation
2Rainwater harvesting at bread regional and natural level → to store water for time in distress (E) dams.
3use of greywater be promoted - in cities to decrease increasing population pressure.
4sewage treatment plants, pollution control guidelines by CPCB - enforced strictly on industrial units & reduce pollution
5Remove encroachments on india's water bodies → recharge aquifers groundwater restoration
(E) Traditional water storing techniques covered - TN model Rajasthan
213 words13 paragraphs
Conclusion
World is facing impending water crisis but India's policy can lead to asymmetrical water welfare (eg cows refuses to share hydrological data). Immediate steps must be taken to tackle crisis and sustainably use water resources.
35 words
- Provides statistical evidence (17% population, 4% water)
- Uses official indices (NITI Aayog water composite index)
- Identifies multiple dimensions of crisis
Topper
Aditya Acharya
AIR 962024
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Resource Distribution & Industries
Water
Water crisis and scarcity in India
Writing Stats
268
Total words
13
Paragraphs
explanatory
Tone