Question Q2DiscussGS1GS1
British colonial rule had profound impact on Indian agriculture, fundamentally altering the traditional agrarian economy which led to severe peasant resistance. Discuss.
Introduction
British colonial policies of agriculture completely destroyed Indian agriculture.
9 words
Main Body
Alteration in traditional agrarian economy:
1Commercialisation of Agriculture - focus on cash crops - cotton, indigo etc.
2High indebtedness due to excessive taxation -> destroyed Indian farmer - permanent settlement, Ryotwari settlement - vicious cycle of debt on moneylenders
3Poor investments in agriculture - lack of proper irrigation facilities, seed development, soil health
4Increased pressure on agriculture land due to de-industrialisation - marginal land holdings ~0.82 hectare per person.
5Zamindari systems - poor tenant protection.
Peasant Resistance:
1Mappilla Revolt - Muslim tenants against Hindu landlords in Malabar
2Rampa Rebellion + Bastar Munda Revolt - for destroying of tribal agriculture practices.
3Tebhaga Movement - for sharecropping be reduced from 1/2 to 1/3.
4Eka Movement - Bengal
All India Kisan Sabha, kisan manifesto brought by INC to improve situation of peasants.
138 words3 paragraphs
Conclusion
Even after independence, multiple efforts by government to support farmers & agriculture who are 'annadaatas'.
15 words
- Structured points on economic impact
- Good use of specific data (0.82 hectare)
Topper
Aditya Acharya
AIR 962024
Subject & Paper
GS1GS1
Topic
Modern Indian History
British Policies
British Policies
Writing Stats
162
Total words
3
Paragraphs
Analytical, point-wise
Tone