Directions: In this section each item consists of six sentences that comprise a passage. The first and sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S6. The sequence of the middle four sentences has been jumbled up and labelled as P, Q, R and S. You are required to find the proper sequence of the four sentences and mark your response accordingly on the Answer Sheet.
S1: Circadian rhythm is a term used to refer to the physical, mental and behavioural changes an organism experiences over a 24-hour cycle.
S6: Maintaining a good circadian rhythm through appropriate exposure to natural light, consistent sleep schedules and times of eating, and adequate physical exercise during the day can allow an organism to live a healthy life.
P: Prolonged disruption, moreover, can cause long-term damages such as metabolic diseases, cardiovascular problems, and mental health issues.
Q: Light and dark (daytime and night-time) have the biggest influence on these circadian rhythms.
R: Circadian rhythms are also affected by food intake, stress, physical activity, social environment and temperature.
S: When any one or more than one of these cause the circadian rhythm to be disrupted, it can lead to sleep problems, drowsiness and poor focus.
- AR Q S P
- BQ R S P
- CQ R P S
- DR Q P S
Explanation
The correct order is Q R S P. S1 defines circadian rhythm; Q names the biggest influence (light and dark); R adds further influences (food, stress, activity); S describes what disruption causes (sleep problems, poor focus); P escalates to prolonged disruption’s long-term damage; S6 prescribes maintaining a good rhythm. This is option (b).