Explanation

NISHTHA (National Initiative for School Heads' and Teachers' Holistic Advancement) is the government's integrated in-service teacher-training programme, aimed at improving learning outcomes at the elementary level. Vidya Pravesh is a school-preparedness module, Vidyanjali a volunteer programme, and DIKSHA a digital learning platform. It was launched in 2019-20, initially for elementary-level teachers and school heads.