UPSC One
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2024 · Q97

Which one of the following statements for a firm's equilibrium in Perfect Competition is not correct?

General KnowledgeIndian Economy
  1. AThe market price must be greater or equal to average variable cost in the short run.
  2. BThe market price must be equal to marginal cost.
  3. CThe market price must be equal to average cost in the long run.
  4. DThe marginal cost decreases at the equilibrium output.

Explanation

In perfect competition, equilibrium requires price to cover average variable cost in the short run, price to equal marginal cost, and price to equal average cost in the long run. The second-order condition additionally requires marginal cost to be rising (not decreasing) at the equilibrium output, otherwise the firm would not be at a profit maximum. The statement that marginal cost decreases at equilibrium is therefore not correct. Hence option D is correct.