In this section, you have short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based on the passage. Read the passage carefully and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based solely on the contents of the passage and the opinion of the author.
Passage:
Over-population is the most pressing of India’s numerous and multi-faceted problems. In fact it has caused equally complex problems such as poverty, under-nourishment, unemployment and excessive fragmentation of land. Indisputably, this country has been facing a population explosion of crisis dimensions. It has largely diluted the fruits of the remarkable economic progress that the nation has made during the last four decades or so. The entire battle against poverty is thwarted by the rapid increase in the population. The tragedy is that while over-population accentuates poverty, the country’s stark poverty itself is in many areas a major cause of over-population
What, according to the author, is the biggest reason behind over population ?
- Aunder-nourishment
- Bunemployment
- Cexcessive fragmentation of land
- Dpoverty
Explanation
The closing sentence identifies the cause explicitly: 'the country's stark poverty itself is in many areas a major cause of over-population.' Under-nourishment, unemployment, and fragmentation of land are listed as effects of over-population, not its causes. Hence (d) is correct.