In this section you have few short passages. After each passage, you will find some items based on the passage. First, read a passage and answer the items based on it. You are required to select your answers based on the contents of the passage and opinion of the author only.
Passage:
Over-population is the most pressing of India’s numerous and multi-faceted problems. In fact it has caused equally complex problems such as poverty, under-nourishment, unemployment and excessive fragmentation of land. Indisputably, this country has been facing a population explosion of crisis dimensions. It has largely diluted the fruits of the remarkable economic progress that the nation has made during the last four decades or so. The entire battle against poverty is thwarted by the rapid increase in the population. The tragedy is that while over-population accentuates poverty, the country’s stark poverty itself is in many areas a major cause of over-population
What is the irony behind the overpopulation of India ?
- AOver-population gives birth to poverty, which (poverty) itself is the cause of over-population
- BUnder nourishment and unemploymentare outcomes of flawed economic progress
- CFragmentation of land is leading to over-population
- DFruits of the remarkable economic progress are trickling down to the poor
Explanation
The passage's final sentence states the tragedy directly: over-population accentuates poverty, yet poverty itself is in many areas a major cause of over-population. Option (a) restates exactly this vicious circle. Option (b) misattributes under-nourishment to flawed progress, (c) reverses the causation, and (d) contradicts the passage, since economic progress is diluted, not trickling down. Hence (a) is correct.