Explanation

Newton's second law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the applied force and takes place in the direction of the force, i.e. F = dp/dt. 'Resultant' here means the net external force acting on the body. Energy is the capacity to do work, power is the rate of doing work, and impulse is the change in momentum itself (the integral of force over time), not its rate. The quantity equal to dp/dt is therefore force, option (C).