Which of the following are the major factors responsible for the monsoon type of climate in India? 1. Location 2. Thermal contrast 3. Upper air circulation 4. The Himalayan Mountains Select the correct answer using the code given below.

CDS 2015 PYQ with Answer — Which of the following are the major factors responsible for the mons…

2015 · Q2

Which of the following are the major factors responsible for the monsoon type of climate in India?

1Location
2Thermal contrast
3Upper air circulation
4The Himalayan Mountains

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

General KnowledgeGeography

A1 and 4 only
B1, 2, 3 and 4
C2, 3 and 4 only
D1, 2 and 3 only

Explanation

All four factors drive the Indian monsoon. India's tropical location places it under the influence of the trade winds and the shifting ITCZ; the intense summer thermal contrast between the hot landmass and the cooler Indian Ocean creates the pressure gradient that draws in moisture-laden winds; upper-air circulation (the subtropical westerly jet, the tropical easterly jet, and the Tibetan anticyclone) steers the monsoon trough; and the Himalayas both block cold Central Asian air and force the monsoon winds to rise, causing heavy orographic rainfall. Omitting any one of these would break the mechanism, so 1, 2, 3 and 4 are all correct.